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What drives European solidarity? Evidence on identity-based, value-based, and utilitarian explanations

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European Union Politics

Published online on

Abstract

European Union Politics, Volume 27, Issue 2, Page 325-348, June 2026.
This article analyses how and why individuals maintain or change their European solidarity over time using German panel data. I answer two questions: (1) Who maintains their level of European solidarity? (2) Do identity-based, value-based, or utilitarian ...