Energy absorptions of a three-dimensional braided composite panel under impact punch shear loading were investigated in testing and numerical calculation. The impact punch shear behaviors were tested on a split Hopkinson pressure bar system. A finite element model was established to numerically characterize the shear behaviors. From both the approaches, we found that the energy absorption is sensitive to strain rate, braided angle and thickness. Based on the numerical calculation and scanning electronic microscopy observation, the energy absorption mechanisms are fiber breakage and pullout, resin debris and panel deformation.