Field experiments were used to evaluate three different indirect fire models: the cookie cutter and the Carleton damage functions and a simplified physical model for fragmenting ammunition. Data from three field tests, in which a total of 66 mortar bombs (120 mm high explosive) were fired in flat terrain, is used for validation.

The results imply that no universal parameters, that would fit the results, can be found for the damage function models while the physical model predicted the field test results consistently without parameter fitting.