Vibration suppression is one of the most important challenges of flexible multi-body dynamic systems. In this paper, a launch vehicle with flexible bodies and fuel sloshing is considered as a flexible multi-body dynamic system. The aim of this paper is to propose a vibration suppression strategy for attitude control of the vehicle based on sub-band adaptive filtering. The advantages of the sub-band analysis leads to the design of a new vibration control system that can simultaneously attenuate the effects of three unknown vibration disturbances. In this regard, the simulation results of a nonlinear dynamic model of the vehicle with the filtering strategy confirm the valuable performance of the proposed vibration suppression approach.