The use of LEDs is increasing rapidly in both the commercial and residential markets. Nowadays, the main way to measure the luminous intensity distribution of a LED is by using a goniophotometer. This takes a long time which means its test efficiency is low. In this paper, we will propose a new way to measure the luminous intensity distribution of LEDs based on the Luneburg lens, which is a kind of dielectric lens with continuously changed index of refraction, with high efficiency and low cost. We also develop a complete test system and give the result of a simulation of the test system.