The mechanical and damping properties of thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPUs) prepared by polyether–aromatic polyester polyols were studied. Dynamic viscoelastic properties (E' and tan ) were mainly investigated using a dynamical mechanical analysis. By increasing the content of the aromatic ester component of soft segment in each segmented PU, the value of tan increased, and the width of the peak narrowed with the same hard segment contents. It was desired that interaction between hard and soft segment in U-Fine (UF)-A and UF-B is uniform, and the degree of phase separation between hard and soft segment in UF-A and UF-B advanced in comparison with TPU-A. Tensile strength and abrasion resistance of UF-B (ester component content of polyether–ester polyol = 20.3 mol%) showed superior data compared with other commercial damping materials.