Surface treatment of sansevieria ehrenbergii fibers were carried out using various chemicals like alkali, benzoyl peroxide, benzoyl chloride, permanganate and stearic acid in order to improve the interfacial bonding between the fiber and matrix. Polyester composites were prepared using raw and surface-treated fibers. Morphology and physico-mechanical properties of the prepared composites are analyzed and compared with pure resin. Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopic analysis examined for the chemically treated fibers affirm the removal of moisture, hemicellulose, lignin and wax content. Scanning electron microscopic images prove the formation of rough surface on the fiber after chemical treatment due to the removal of lignocellulose content. The physico-mechanical properties of the treated fiber reinforced polyester composites are enhanced due to good physical interaction between the fiber and polymer matrix. The chemically treated fiber shows lower water absorption compared to untreated fiber composites.