["Political Psychology, Volume 47, Issue S1, December 2026. ", "\nAbstract\nSocial dominance orientation (SDO) refers to how much a person generally opposes group‐based equality and supports group‐based dominance. SDO is measured as an individual difference and pertains very broadly to people's socio‐political attitudes and perceptions, to endorsement or rejection of political parties and candidates, and to behaviors that enforce organizational hierarchies. This paper reviews empirical evidence published from 2010 to 2024 concerning social dominance orientation, first presenting evidence of its stability over time and measurement integrity, next showing that, across numerous cultures and languages and ways of measuring group prejudice and stereotypes, SDO correlates with prejudice favoring people in dominant groups rather than people in subordinate groups, and that this effect is stronger within dominant groups than subordinate groups. Similarly, we review evidence that people higher on SDO are more anti‐social and tend to take hierarchy‐enhancing rather than hierarchy‐attenuating roles. We then delve into the psychology of SDO and summarize the evidence for the relation of SDO and closed cognitive styles, low scores on humility‐honesty, and low concern for other people rather than the self. Using existing adult and child development studies, we outline two processes by which higher SDO may develop: one based on learning to categorize and to rank categories as superior/inferior, and one based on parents' emphasis on obtaining high status to gain approval. We conclude by outlining the next questions that might be pursued.\n"]