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Functioning of Guidance and Counseling Centers in Higher Education: A Survey of the Public Universities in Ghana

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Journal of Employment Counseling

Published online on

Abstract

["Journal of Employment Counseling, EarlyView. ", "\nABSTRACT\nThis study examined the functioning of guidance and counseling centers in public universities of Ghana, focusing on the services provided to students and teaching staff. A descriptive survey design was employed. Stratified random sampling was used to group the 15 public universities into three zones. The lottery method was used to select five universities from the three zones. All counselors (42) from the five sample universities were selected for the sample. Data were collected through a 34‐item questionnaire, covering vocational, educational, and social/personal guidance, counseling tools, online counseling, and record‐keeping practices. The major findings revealed that counselors provided comprehensive support, including vocational guidance on career skills and job information, educational counseling on scholarships and curriculum guidance, and social/personal support for personality development and interpersonal relationships. Most counselors utilized traditional face‐to‐face counseling, with limited engagement in online counseling due to unreliable internet infrastructure. Counselors used various counseling techniques and maintained records of sessions. While guidance and counseling centers are functioning well, there are areas for improvement, particularly in enhancing online counseling services and implementing standardized digital record‐keeping systems. Implications for government of Ghana, university authorities, and guidance and counseling units include improving internet access, organizing frequent vocational and educational seminars, and investing in counselor training to support better students' and teaching staff's academic and personal development.\n"]