Catch and Spawn: An Angling Risk Task for Decreasing Risk Contexts
Journal of Behavioral Decision Making
Published online on August 04, 2026
Abstract
["Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, Volume 39, Issue 4, October 2026. ", "\nABSTRACT\nBehavioral Measures of Risk Taking (BMRT), such as the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) and the Angling Risk Task (ART), are widely used to assess risk‐taking propensity, yet most of the existing literature focuses on environments in which risk increases over time. The present study examines how behavior changes when risk instead decreases, and whether sensitivity to such changes depends on the availability of probabilistic information. Participants (N = 272) completed three versions of the ART in which risk increased, remained constant, or decreased, under conditions where outcome probabilities were either known (“Sunny”) or unknown/ambiguous (“Cloudy”), followed by the BART. Censored mixed‐effects Bayesian regression models were used to analyze the data. Participants took more actions in decreasing‐risk environments than in constant‐ or increasing‐risk environments, particularly when the reduction in risk was explicitly known. Under ambiguity, however, participants were more cautious and showed little sensitivity to improvement in the environment. Correlations across tasks also depended on information. The ART and the BART showed stronger and more consistent associations in the Sunny condition than in the Cloudy condition. These findings suggest that performance on BMRT reflects sensitivity to the structure of the decision environment, particularly to improvements in risk and the availability of information about probabilities, and that BMRT summary scores should not be interpreted as direct measures of a single, domain‐general risk‐taking propensity or risk preference.\n"]