Relationships Between Trust, Compliance, and Performance for Novice Programmers Using AI Code Generation

Nicholas Gardella, Matthew L. Bolton, Sara L. Riggs, Department of Computer Science, Washington and Lee University, Department of Systems and Information Engineering, University of Virginia

Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society

Published online on July 28, 2026

Abstract

Human Factors, Ahead of Print.
ObjectiveTo explore how novice programmers’ trust in Artificial Intelligence-driven Development Environments (AIDEs) relates to their coding performance and AI compliance while programming under time pressure.BackgroundComputer programming has undergone ...