["Child &Family Social Work, EarlyView. ", "\nABSTRACT\nHuman trafficking remains a global challenge, with children, especially in West Africa, forming a significant proportion of victims. Despite Ghana's Human Trafficking Act (2005), child trafficking prosecutions and convictions remain low. This study explores institutional, procedural and contextual factors affecting these outcomes. Using a qualitative approach, it integrates a desk review and 80 key informant interviews with justice and child protection stakeholders (56% male, 44% female), including law enforcement, prosecutors, immigration, social welfare and civil society representatives. Thematic analysis revealed systemic gaps: weak inter‐agency coordination, limited investigative resources, prolonged legal delays and inadequate victim support. These reflect structural and behavioural barriers undermining justice. Applying the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), the study shows that justice actors' strong intentions to prosecute are constrained by insufficient institutional support, reducing their control and motivation. Cultural norms and procedural inefficiencies exacerbate underreporting and case attrition. The findings underscore the need for improved coordination, resource allocation and victim‐centred approaches. This study provides evidence‐based recommendations to strengthen Ghana's anti‐trafficking efforts, enhancing legal and policy interventions to protect children and improve justice outcomes.\n"]