Shoulder Internal and External Rotation Strength in Healthy Youth Athletes: A Comparison of Hand-Held Testing Positions versus Gold Standard Biodex Testing
Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine
Published online on June 17, 2026
Abstract
Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine, Volume 14, Issue 6_suppl5, June 2026.
Background:Objective assessment of strength is essential for recovery monitoring and clinical decision-making. However, assessment methods vary greatly among clinicians, particularly in the upper extremity [1]. Hand-held dynamometry (HHD) of the shoulder ...
Background:Objective assessment of strength is essential for recovery monitoring and clinical decision-making. However, assessment methods vary greatly among clinicians, particularly in the upper extremity [1]. Hand-held dynamometry (HHD) of the shoulder ...