Unveiling the role of TLR9 promoter variants in susceptibility and clinical features of systemic lupus erythematosus

Fatemeh Soleimani, Hamidreza Karbalaei-Musa, Mohammad Hossein Hajali, Taiebe Kenarangi, Meysam Mosallaei, Narges Ansari, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Student Research Committee, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation and Centre for Healthcare Transformation, School of Public Health , Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Personalized Medicine and Genometabolomics Research Center, Hope Generation Foundation

Lupus: An International Journal

Published online on June 03, 2026

Abstract

Lupus, Ahead of Print.
ObjectiveSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multifactorial autoimmune disease in which dysregulated nucleic acid sensing and type I interferon responses drive autoantibody production and organ damage. Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) regulates these ...