A Novel Ear Space Reference (ESR) Model for Ergonomic Design of Earphones
Ergonomics in Design: The Quarterly of Human Factors Applications
Published online on May 27, 2026
Abstract
Ergonomics in Design, Ahead of Print.
Earphone discomfort and poor fit remain widespread problems despite advances in audio technology. This article introduces the Ear Space Reference (ESR) model, an anthropometry-based framework that helps designers create better-fitting earphones. We ...
Earphone discomfort and poor fit remain widespread problems despite advances in audio technology. This article introduces the Ear Space Reference (ESR) model, an anthropometry-based framework that helps designers create better-fitting earphones. We ...