{"p"=>"This article introduces the theory of criminologically unequal exchange to examine the asymmetrical and interconnected flow of crime and harm between the Global North and South within the capitalist world-system. It conceptualises the North’s appropriation of the South’s labour and natural resources as enabled through multiscalar regimes of (extreme) permission that authorise, organise, and routinise the production and distribution of transnational harm. Frequently, the same regimes that secure extractive projects and destabilise Southern societies also generate motivation and opportunity structures for transnational criminal economies to flourish, reverberating social injury back to the North. The article specifies two modalities of this unequal exchange of crime and harm—structurally mediated and resource-enabled—and illustrates them through case examples of the nexus between the governance of extractive frontiers and the drug economy in Myanmar, and between e-waste trade and cybercrime in Nigeria."}