["Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, Volume 33, Issue 3, Page 4348-4362, May 2026. ", "\nABSTRACT\nThis study examines how lean manufacturing contributes to environmental performance in ISO‐certified Taiwanese firms. Drawing on the resource‐based view and institutional theory, we conceptualize sustainability‐oriented culture as a capability that transforms lean routines into environmental gains, while coercive institutional pressure shapes these effects. Survey data and structural equation modeling show that lean practices enhance environmental performance directly and indirectly through culture. However, strong regulatory pressure weakens the lean–culture link, indicating a compliance paradox. The findings highlight that regulations alone are insufficient; firms must foster sustainability values and employee engagement to unlock lean's environmental potential.\n"]