Mid-Term Comparison of N-Butyl Cyanoacrylate, Endovenous Laser Ablation, and Radiofrequency Ablation for Chronic Venous Insufficiency

Ismail Dilek, Alper Selim Kocaoglu, Emre Utkan Büyükceran, Alaaddin Nayman, Department of Radiology, Selçuk University Faculty of Medicine Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Eskişehir City Hospital, Department of Radiology, Ankara Güven Hospital

Vascular and Endovascular Surgery

Published online on April 11, 2026

Abstract

Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Ahead of Print.
BackgroundChronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is a prevalent vascular disorder with significant morbidity. Minimally invasive endovenous therapies, including N-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA), endovenous laser ablation (EVLA), and radiofrequency ablation (RFA), ...