Towards personalised empirical antibiotic therapy in febrile neutropenia: a theoretical model based on machine learning and prior colonisation with multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli – a retrospective proof-of-concept cohort study

Antonio Gallardo-Pizarro, Christian Teijón-Lumbreras, Tommaso Francesco Aiello, Patricia Monzó-Gallo, Ana Martinez-Urrea, Cynthia Terrones-Campos, Guillermo Cuervo, Laura Morata, Pedro Castro, Climent Casals, Mateu Espasa, Jordi Esteve, Josep Maria Nicolas, Josep Mensa, Alex Soriano, Carolina Garcia-Vidal

Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease

Published online on January 13, 2026

Abstract

Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease, Volume 13, January-December 2026.
Background:Empirical antibiotic therapy (EAT) in febrile neutropenia (FN) remains challenging due to multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria, often leading to inappropriate empirical antibiotic therapy (IEAT).Objective:To demonstrate that risk ...