Theoretical analysis method of filament bending–twisting energy and entanglement degree in forming α filament knotoid

Changxi Chen, Wensuo Ma, Zhenyu Ma, Yonghao Xu, Liguang Yang, Zhaohua Huang, Henan University of Science and Technology, Sinomach Precision industry Group Co, Luoyang Bearing Research Institute Co, Intelligent Manufacturing Fundamental Research Center, Longmen Laboratory

Textile Research Journal

Published online on June 09, 2025

Abstract

Textile Research Journal, Ahead of Print.
Knots are commonly used for binding, securing objects, and decorative purposes in daily life. Many geometric structures of applicable filament knots can be obtained from knot theory. The homeomorphic structure of an α knotoid can be derived from the ...