Demand-side frequency regulation of power grids using inverter-based thermostatically controlled loads

Sweta Gupta, VSKV Harish, Rajneesh Sharma, Department of Electrical Engineering, Netaji Subhas University of Technology , New Delhi, Department of Instrumentation and Control Engineering, Netaji Subhas University of Technology , New Delhi

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy

Published online on February 19, 2026

Abstract

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy, Ahead of Print.
Customer-owned demand side management techniques are being developed to maintain stability and through optimal regulation of power and frequency. Inverter-driven Thermostatically Controlled Loads (i-TCLs) are gaining attention as flexible demand-side ...