Toxic speech as political participation: How social media users justify toxicity in political discussions
Published online on January 27, 2026
Abstract
New Media & Society, Ahead of Print.
Social media is where most people report experiencing toxicity. While existing research has documented the prevalence and predictors of toxic behaviors, less is known about how individuals who engage in toxicity perceive and justify their actions, ...
Social media is where most people report experiencing toxicity. While existing research has documented the prevalence and predictors of toxic behaviors, less is known about how individuals who engage in toxicity perceive and justify their actions, ...