“The architect of the invasion” vs. “a symbol of resilience”: How AI chatbots frame Zelenskyy, Putin and the Russia–Ukraine war
Published online on April 19, 2026
Abstract
Media, War & Conflict, Ahead of Print.
This qualitative content analysis conducted in November 2024 examines how four AI chatbots – OpenAI’s ChatGPT, Microsoft’s Copilot, Google’s Gemini, and Anthropic’s Claude – frame the Russia–Ukraine war. The chatbots generally utilized similar emphasis, ...
This qualitative content analysis conducted in November 2024 examines how four AI chatbots – OpenAI’s ChatGPT, Microsoft’s Copilot, Google’s Gemini, and Anthropic’s Claude – frame the Russia–Ukraine war. The chatbots generally utilized similar emphasis, ...