Anxiety in an artificial intelligence (AI)-based English conversation test: An idiodynamic approach to explore potential construct-irrelevant variance
Published online on December 23, 2025
Abstract
Language Testing, Ahead of Print.
The present study explored anxiety and its fluctuation during an artificial intelligence (AI)-based English conversation test as a test validation study. Applying an idiodynamic approach, 13 Japanese university students learning English as a foreign ...
The present study explored anxiety and its fluctuation during an artificial intelligence (AI)-based English conversation test as a test validation study. Applying an idiodynamic approach, 13 Japanese university students learning English as a foreign ...