Nonlinear forced vibrations of sandwich conical shells with metal foam cores and axially functionally graded faces under external excitation

Seyed Mohammad Mehdi Mizan Adl, Ali Alinia-Ziazi, Shahram Etemadi Haghighi, Farshad Kakavand, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Islamic Azad University

Journal of Vibration and Control

Published online on February 20, 2026

Abstract

Journal of Vibration and Control, Ahead of Print.
This paper analyzes the nonlinear forced vibration of sandwich conical shells with a metal foam core and axially functionally graded (AFG) faces under external excitation. The mechanical properties of the faces are assumed to vary along the shell’s ...