Examining Reflective Practice as a Cultural Phenomenon: A Case Study of Chinese Leaders’ Reflections During Crises

Ruohao Chen, Qian Wang, Adult Learning and Leadership, Department of Organization and Leadership, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, United States, Academy of Future Education, an Jiaotong-Liverpool University

Journal of Transformative Education

Published online on December 18, 2025

Abstract

Journal of Transformative Education, Ahead of Print.
Jack Mezirow’s Transformative Learning Theory highlights critical reflection and rational discourse as essential for adult learning. This study examines the culturally shaped reflective practices of 15 Chinese tutoring industry leaders as they navigated ...