Human Milk Sampling Protocols: Is the Mean Macronutrient Composition of Pre- and Post-Feed Samples the Average of One Entire Feed?
Published online on November 30, 2025
Abstract
Journal of Human Lactation, Volume 42, Issue 1, Page 141-151, February 2026.
Background:Human milk sub-sampling protocols are used in lactation research to estimate milk composition, while minimizing interference with normal breastfeeding. However, macronutrient concentrations in human milk can be highly variable, and the accuracy ...
Background:Human milk sub-sampling protocols are used in lactation research to estimate milk composition, while minimizing interference with normal breastfeeding. However, macronutrient concentrations in human milk can be highly variable, and the accuracy ...