Characteristics of extensor indicis proprius and index extensor digitorum communis during finger extension: an electromyographic and kinematic study

Shota Date, Nanako Nakamae, Hiroshi Kurumadani, Runa Kamikawa, Kazuya Kurauchi, Toru Sunagawa

Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume): Journal of the British Society for Surgery of the Hand & Official Journal of the Federation of European Societies for Surgery of the Hand

Published online on February 12, 2026

Abstract

Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume), Ahead of Print.
Introduction:Functional differences between the extensor indicis proprius and extensor digitorum communis of the index finger remain poorly understood. We quantified these functional differences by measuring metacarpophalangeal joint angles and muscle ...