M2UD: A multi-model, multi-scenario, uneven-terrain dataset for ground robot with localization and mapping evaluation

Yanpeng Jia, Shiyi Wang, Shiliang Shao, Yue Wang, Fu Zhang, Ting Wang, State Key Laboratory of Robotics at Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Department of Control Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong

The International Journal of Robotics Research

Published online on December 07, 2025

Abstract

The International Journal of Robotics Research, Ahead of Print.
As one of the most widely used types of robots, ground robots play a crucial role in inspection, exploration, rescue, and other applications. In recent years, advancements in light detection and ranging (LiDAR) technology have made sensors more accurate, ...