Factors Associated With Vertical and Horizontal Job-Education Mismatches: Insights From University Graduates in Vietnam

Tuyen Quang Tran, Hoai Thu Thi Nguyen, Ngoc Bich Thi Vu, Dao Van Le, International School, Vietnam National University, VNU University of Economics and Business, Vietnam National University, Faculty of Mathematical Economics, College of Technology, National Economics University

Evaluation Review: A Journal of Applied Social Research

Published online on December 20, 2025

Abstract

Evaluation Review, Ahead of Print.
This study is the first to examine the factors influencing the likelihood of graduates in Vietnam experiencing vertical, horizontal, and full job mismatches. This study employs secondary data from the Labor Force Survey for 2018–2022. Using a multinomial ...