Association Between Non-Tobacco Nicotine Dependence and Postoperative Complications After Ankle and Hindfoot Arthrodesis
Published online on January 24, 2026
Abstract
Foot & Ankle International, Volume 47, Issue 4, Page 525-533, April 2026.
Background:Hindfoot and ankle arthrodesis, although routinely performed for arthritis, trauma, and deformity correction, carries risks of several postoperative complications. Cigarette smoking is a well-established risk factor for impaired bone healing, ...
Background:Hindfoot and ankle arthrodesis, although routinely performed for arthritis, trauma, and deformity correction, carries risks of several postoperative complications. Cigarette smoking is a well-established risk factor for impaired bone healing, ...