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Dynastic International Relations: understanding race and the crisis of liberal order through Ibn Khaldun

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European Journal of International Relations

Published online on

Abstract

European Journal of International Relations, Volume 32, Issue 1, Page 294-317, March 2026.
This paper offers insights into the Crisis of Liberal International Order by combining Ibn Khaldun’s theory of change with scholarship on liberalism and race. We argue that the crisis emerges from the incongruence of two features of liberal order: a ...