Patterns of Protective Factors Following Childhood Maltreatment and Youth Developmental Outcomes

Yujeong Chang, Olivia D. Chang, Junyeong Yang, Kierra Sattler, Susan Yoon, College of Social Work, The Ohio State University, School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Graduate School of Education, Kyung Hee University, Republic of Korea, Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The University of North Carolina Greensboro, Department of Social Welfare, College of Social Sciences, Ewha Womans University, South Korea

Child Maltreatment

Published online on October 14, 2025

Abstract

Child Maltreatment, Ahead of Print.
This study examines heterogeneity of protective factors (PFs) following experiences of childhood maltreatment and their associations with youths’ key developmental outcomes—social skills, positive functioning, and depressive symptoms. Using data from the ...