Fidelity Versus Validity Using Anendophasia as an Example: Commentary on Nedergaard and Lupyan (2024) and Lind (2025)
Published online on January 30, 2026
Abstract
Psychological Science, Ahead of Print.
Nedergaard and Lupyan (2024) presented four studies aimed at validating anendophasia (i.e., experiencing no inner speech).1However, Lind (2025) held that no one, including Nedergaard and Lupyan, has demonstrated that anendophasia exists. In both articles,...
Nedergaard and Lupyan (2024) presented four studies aimed at validating anendophasia (i.e., experiencing no inner speech).1However, Lind (2025) held that no one, including Nedergaard and Lupyan, has demonstrated that anendophasia exists. In both articles,...