Numerical simulation of flow velocity profiles along a stepped spillway
Published online on January 22, 2013
Abstract
The velocity profiles on stepped spillways are analyzed using computational fluid dynamics simulations and large-scale laboratory experiments. Five different turbulence models are considered in the analysis: the Standard k-, the Realizable k-, the Renormalization group k-, the Standard k- and the Shear stress transport k- model. The computational fluid dynamics simulation results are compared with laboratory measurements from a large-scale physical model with flow velocities up to 15 m/s. It is indicated that the numerical model involving any of these turbulence models can satisfactorily simulate the velocity profiles. All five turbulence models performed satisfactorily well on large-scale stepped spillways. The k- models may be slightly better suited in the lower region, while the realizable k- model provided slightly better results in the upper part of the velocity profile. A power law with n = 5.09 also provides a useful first approximation with a limitation of the flow along stepped spillway with the Reynolds number of <inline-formula id="ilm1-0954408912472172">1.68 \times 10^6 \le </inline-formula>Re <inline-formula id="ilm2-0954408912472172"> \le 7.21 \times 10^6 </inline-formula>.