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American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, Ahead of Print.

American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology, Ahead of Print.

American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology, Ahead of Print.

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, Volume 331, Issue 1, Page R86-R101, July 2026.

["The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView. ", "\nAbstract figure legend The ultrarapid delayed rectifier potassium current (IKur) has long been considered an atrial‐specific current with no functional role in the ventricles, despite evidence of its expression in ventricular myocytes. In the present study we challenged this prevailing concept and investigated the potential role of IKur in ventricular repolarization. Cellular electrophysiology and molecular cardiology experiments were performed on cardiac preparations obtained from dog and undiseased human hearts. We show clear evidences that IKur current is present in the ventricular myocardium at both molecular and functional levels. We confirm the presence of IKur current in atrial and ventricular tissue using immunochemistry, standard microelectrode and patch‐clamp techniques. We also confirm that IKur current plays a significant role in ventricular repolarization reserve, as under conditions where the repolarization reserve was pharmacologically attenuated (by inhibiting IKr current), additive inhibition of IKur induces early afterdepolarizations (EADs), indicating that its blockade might have a significant proarrhythmic side effect.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nAbstract\nThe ultrarapid delayed rectifier potassium current (IKur) has long been considered an atrial‐specific current with no functional role in the ventricles, despite evidence of its expression in ventricular myocytes. In the present study we challenged this prevailing concept and investigated the potential role of IKur in ventricular repolarization. Kv1.5 protein expression was determined by immunocytochemistry in canine and undiseased human cardiac tissue samples. Action potentials (APs) were recorded using conventional microelectrode techniques in canine and human cardiac preparations, and ion currents were measured using the whole‐cell patch‐clamp technique in isolated cardiomyocytes. In silico simulations were performed to investigate the role of the IKur current using a human ventricular model (T‐WorldIKur). Kv1.5 protein expression was detected in canine atrial, ventricular and Purkinje fibre cells, as well as in undiseased human left ventricular myocardium. In canine atrial preparations IKur inhibition shifted the plateau phase of the AP into the positive voltage direction and consequently shortened AP duration. Application of 100 µM 4‐aminopyridine (4‐AP) revealed ionic currents of similar magnitude in ventricular myocytes and Purkinje fibres, which were attributed to IKur. Inhibition of IKur caused prolongation of the APs recorded from endocardial and midmyocardial preparations, as well as from Purkinje fibres. Under conditions of attenuated repolarization reserve IKur inhibition induced augmented repolarization lengthening and frequent early afterdepolarizations (EADs). In silico modelling data regarding the IKur inhibition‐evoked EAD formations are in good agreement with the experimental findings. IKur is present and functionally active in ventricular myocardium and may represent a significant contributor to ventricular repolarization reserve.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nKey points\n\nThe ultrarapid delayed rectifier potassium current (IKur) has long been considered an atrial‐specific current with no functional role in the ventricles.\nIn the present study, we challenged this prevailing concept and investigated the potential role of IKur in ventricular repolarization. Cellular electrophysiology and molecular cardiological experiments were performed on cardiac preparations obtained from dog and undiseased human hearts.\nWe present clear evidence that IKur current is present in the ventricular myocardium at both molecular and functional levels. We also confirm that IKur current plays a significant role in ventricular repolarization reserve.\nWe concluded that IKur is present and functionally active in ventricular myocardium and may represent a significant contributor to ventricular repolarization reserve.\n\n\n"]

["The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView. ", "\nAbstract figure legend Healthy adults received combined anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the left premotor cortex and peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) of the right ulnar nerve during action observation, followed by two action execution blocks. The main experimental conditions included tDCS + PNS with action observation, sham tDCS + sham PNS with action observation, and tDCS + PNS with landscape observation; control experiments isolated the effects of tDCS or PNS alone during action observation. Corticospinal excitability, indexed by motor‐evoked potentials (MEPs), intracortical facilitation (ICF) and short‐interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) were assessed at baseline (T0), immediately after the intervention (T1) and after the first execution block (T2), and reaction time was measured during the two execution blocks (RT1, RT2). Combined tDCS + PNS during action observation enhanced observation–execution‐related cortical excitability and improved motor performance.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nAbstract\nAction observation and execution, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) enhance motor performance. This study aimed to investigate the effect of concurrent tDCS over the premotor cortex (PMC) and PNS during action observation on motor cortex excitability and motor performance, and its underlying mechanisms. One hundred and twenty‐eight healthy adults were randomly assigned to tDCS + PNS combined with presentation of a landscape picture (tDCS + PNSlandscape), and tDCS + PNS, tDCSsham+ PNSsham, tDCSsham + PNS and tDCS + PNSsham combined with action observation, all followed by two action execution blocks. Motor‐evoked potentials (MEPs), intracortical facilitation (ICF) and short‐interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) were assessed before interventions (T0), immediately after interventions (T1) and after the first action execution block (T2). Reaction times were recorded for both action execution blocks (RT1 and RT2). tDCS + PNS significantly increased MEP amplitudes at T1 and T2 compared to tDCSsham + PNSsham and tDCS + PNSlandscape. ICF increased at T1 in the tDCS + PNS group compared to tDCSsham + PNSsham and tDCS + PNSlandscape, as well as at T2 relative to tDCSsham + PNSsham. RT1 and RT2 of the action execution task in the tDCS + PNS group were significantly shorter compared to the tDCSsham + PNSsham group. A significant negative relationship between the change in RT and MEP amplitudes emerged at T2 in the tDCS + PNS group. Concurrent application of tDCS and PNS during action observation induced transient neuroplastic alterations in the primary motor cortex and improved motor performance.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nKey points\n\nThe integration of motor observation and action execution enhances motor performance, with similar brain networks playing key roles in this process. However, the effect of concurrent application of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the premotor cortex and peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) during action observation on observation–execution‐related motor cortex excitability and motor performance and the underlying mechanism is lacking in the literature.\nSimultaneous application of brain (anodal tDCS over the premotor cortex) and peripheral nerve (PNS over the ulnar nerve) stimulation during action observation induced transient neuroplastic alterations in the primary motor cortex and improved motor performance.\nSince this dual‐stimulation method strengthens brain pathways related to movement, it could be especially useful for people recovering from conditions like stroke, where active movement is limited.\n\n\n"]

["The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView. ", "\nAbstract figure legend Sounds of different frequencies elicit spatially distinct patterns of neural activity within the inferior colliculus aligned to the tonotopic organization of afferent projections. Sound‐evoked neural responses can be visualized in awake mice that express fluorescent Ca2+ sensors. We find that neural activity patterns produced in response to pure tones are not fixed but evolve during the stimulus, with discrete groups of neurons activated during onset (ON) and offset (tdOFF) periods. Sound‐evoked lateral inhibition appears to shape tdOFF responses, as tdOFF neurons were suppressed by sound and spatially clustered in sideband regions at sound offset. Loud noise‐induced hearing loss reshaped the spatiotemporal characteristics of sound processing, abolishing both sideband suppression and tdOFF responses, but preserving ON response patterns and amplitudes. This prioritization of ON responses helps preserve sound processing in hearing loss but may contribute to worsened acuity and related hearing disorders, such as hyperacusis and tinnitus.\n\n\n\n\nAbstract\nThe parsing of sensory information into discrete topographic domains is a fundamental principle of sensory processing. In the auditory cortex, these domains evolve during a stimulus, with the onset and offset of tones evoking distinct spatial patterns of neural activity. However, it is not known where in the auditory system this spatial segregation occurs or how these dynamics are affected by hearing loss. Using widefield single photon neuronal Ca2+ imaging in the inferior colliculus (IC) of awake mice, we found that pure tone stimuli elicited both spatially constrained neural activity within isofrequency bands and simultaneous sideband suppression. At cessation of the stimulus, offset responses emerged within the region of sideband suppression, demonstrating that simple stimuli elicit spatiotemporally distinct neural activity patterns to represent the presence of sound and sound termination. Because sound frequency is spatially encoded in the IC, this spatial shift creates a tonotopically distinct offset (tdOFF) response relative to sound onset. High‐resolution two‐photon Ca2+ imaging confirmed that tdOFF neuron activity in the sideband region was suppressed during sound and elevated above baseline after stimulus termination, raising the possibility that rebound excitation could contribute to this post‐stimulus activation. Loud noise exposure – a common model of hearing loss – abolished both sideband suppression and tdOFF responses. These results show that hearing loss profoundly reshapes the spatiotemporal pattern of sound processing by altering sideband activity. This preferential loss of sideband suppression and tdOFF activation after sound‐induced injury in the auditory midbrain may contribute to hyperacusis and tinnitus by promoting neuronal hyperactivity.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nKey points\n\nSensory systems encode different features of stimuli by activating distinct neural networks.\nSound onsets and offsets elicit distinct neural patterns in the auditory cortex, although it is unclear where this separation originates or how it may change with hearing loss.\nUsing in vivo widefield Ca2+ imaging in awake mice, we find that pure tone stimuli evoke spatiotemporally distinct on and off patterns of neural activity in the auditory midbrain.\nNeurons active during stimulus offset were suppressed by sound in sideband regions, raising the possibility that rebound excitation may contribute to this post‐stimulus activation.\nBoth sideband suppression and off responses were preferentially abolished following noise‐induced hearing loss, raising the possibility that these changes may contribute to hearing loss‐related syndromes such as tinnitus and hyperacusis.\n\n\n"]

American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology, Ahead of Print.

American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Ahead of Print.

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ahead of Print.

["Real Estate Economics, EarlyView. ", "\nAbstract\nMany variables involve the modeling of spatial effects, and their dynamics over time. This article presents a linear model in which spatiotemporal random effects are modeled by graph‐Laplacians. A graph‐Laplacian flexibly encodes adjacency in both space and time, in our case not depending on unknown parameters. The graph‐Laplacian can be input for a prior in a Bayesian estimation setup, or used as regularization term in a Ridge regression. A spectral decomposition of the graph‐Laplacian significantly reduces computation time for estimation. As an application, we estimate graph‐Laplacian hedonic pricing and repeat‐sales models on sales prices of Australian residential properties in the period from 1990 to 2024. Bayesian and Ridge regression estimation results are very similar, although the computation time for the Ridge regression is orders of magnitude faster, however at the expense of missing posterior density functions. Our results highlight the advantages of graph‐Laplacians for predicting individual property prices and for producing stable, granular price indexes, also in thin markets."]

["Real Estate Economics, EarlyView. ", "\nAbstract\nPricing power in real estate markets can reduce housing supply and redevelopment relative to the social optimum. We show how pricing power interacts with popular redevelopment subsidies and zoning regulations. Using building‐level rental income data from NYC, we find that increased concentration is correlated with increased rents. Finally, we use the model to estimate the first building‐level housing elasticity, finding that markups account for between one‐sixth and one‐third of rents in the city."]

["Real Estate Economics, EarlyView. ", "\nAbstract\nThis article estimates foreclosure discounts in Cape Town, South Africa, where, until 2019, foreclosure auctions occurred without reserve prices. Using newly constructed data linking sheriff auction notices to the universe of property transactions, rich property characteristics, and municipal service‐request records, I document large foreclosure discounts that vary by empirical approach. In a cost‐adjusted hedonic framework, properties sold at foreclosure auction transact at a discount of 14.5% relative to comparable non‐foreclosed sales; repeat‐sales estimates yield substantially larger discounts of 30.2%. These estimates bracket the plausible range of the true discount: the hedonic provides a conservative lower bound after netting out buyer‐incurred transaction costs, while the repeat‐sales provides an upper bound that additionally captures time‐varying deterioration not fully observed in cross‐sectional data. The magnitudes documented here are large relative to settings with reserve prices, reflecting an institutional environment where the absence of a reserve price leaves auction outcomes effectively unbounded on the downside. The implications are especially severe in South Africa's recourse mortgage system: foreclosed borrowers who lose their homes at auction may also remain liable for any balance between the sale price and the outstanding mortgage, compounding the household‐level costs of foreclosure. The findings contribute to an understanding of how foreclosure‐price formation operates in a no‐reserve‐price auction environment, and of the implications of that institutional design for realized prices and homeowner outcomes."]

["Health Expectations, Volume 29, Issue 4, August 2026. ", "\nABSTRACT\n\nBackground\nTelehealth can mitigate healthcare access barriers that contribute to persistent rural health inequities. However, a limited understanding of telehealth barriers and preferences hinders the implementation of effective programs in rural communities. We conducted a formative evaluation to identify barriers and facilitators to telehealth adoption in an underserved rural setting.\n\n\nMethods\nWe used a mixed‐methods design including surveys and in‐depth semi‐structured interviews with rural community stakeholders. The survey assessed telehealth utilisation, perceptions, technology access and barriers using Likert‐type scales. Survey data were analysed descriptively, and interview data were examined thematically across the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) constructs.\n\n\nFindings\nSurvey respondents (n = 59) were primarily female (73.2%), and White (73.2%), with a mean age of 61 years. Over half (51.8%) reported annual incomes below $20,000, and 18.6% lacked home internet access. While 59.3% had heard of telehealth, only 42.4% had used it. Among users, 61.9% reported satisfaction, and 71.4% agreed or strongly agreed that communication with providers was adequate. Key barriers included limited internet connectivity (72.8%), technology challenges (66.6%) and lack of knowledge about accessing telehealth (62.5%). Interview participants (n = 8) emphasised that trust and comfort with providers were central to acceptance and highlighted telehealth's convenience in reducing transportation barriers.\n\n\nConclusion\nIn this study population, telehealth was generally acceptable, with trust and comfort with the provider driving acceptance. Barriers were primarily related to connectivity, infrastructure and digital literacy. Consistent with larger studies, these findings support investments in broadband access, digital literacy, technical support and building patient confidence in virtual care.\n\n\nPatient or Public Contribution\nMembers of the public were involved in the design, recruitment and dissemination phases of this study. We partnered with local community organisations serving rural populations to inform recruitment strategies and to distribute surveys to community members with lived experience of healthcare access barriers. Community stakeholders also participated directly in the research through survey completion and in‐depth interviews, providing critical insights into telehealth use, barriers and preferences. While the public was not involved in the initial study design or data analysis, their perspectives shaped the interpretation of findings, particularly regarding trust, technology use and access challenges. To support dissemination and ensure accessibility of results, we developed a one‐page summary of findings that was shared with participating community partner sites for distribution back to the communities involved.\n"]

["Health Expectations, Volume 29, Issue 4, August 2026. ", "\nABSTRACT\n\nBackground\nBuilding capacity through training and education is recommended to support meaningful engagement of patient partners in health research. The Patient and Community Engagement Research (PaCER) programme is a 12‐month initiative that enables patients and community members to co‐design and conduct qualitative health research projects. Learners are sponsored by clinician researchers, community organisations, and/or jurisdictional health organisations. This study aimed to assess the experiences and impact of the PaCER programme on: (1) past learners' personal development and engagement in health research; and (2) sponsors' research programmes.\n\n\nMethods\nWe conducted a qualitative impact evaluation involving past learners (alumni) and sponsors of the PaCER programme from 2019 to 2024. A purposive sampling strategy was used, whereby selected alumni and sponsors from the 2019–2024 cohorts were invited to participate in an online semi‐structured interview. Sponsors and alumni with diverse characteristics, including variation in age, ethnicity, educational attainment, and geographic location were invited. The interview guide included questions on the experiences in the PaCER programme, post‐programme research activities, and perceptions of the programme's impact. Data were analysed using a reflexive thematic analysis approach.\n\n\nResults\nEighteen participants (12 PaCER alumni and 6 sponsors) were interviewed, and four main themes were identified: (1) seeing the value of the training programme; (2) Diverse people and groups working together; (3) Learner readiness and capacity; (4) Academic opportunities for learners and career growth. Alumni described significant personal impact, empowerment, academic contributions, and increased access to meaningful patient partner opportunities. Alumni reported co‐authoring publications and presenting their work at academic conferences and to various stakeholders, including health system leadership. Many alumni had no prior experience with qualitative participatory research, and participation in the programme supported the development of these research skills. Sponsors also noted impacts on their research programmes, such as securing additional funding informed by PaCER project findings.\n\n\nConclusion\nThe findings demonstrate that structured, experiential training for patients and community members supports meaningful engagement in health research, contributes to sustained capacity development, and positively influences the patient‐oriented research landscape.\n\n\nPatient or Public Contribution\nPatient partners were involved in the design and conduct of the study (data collection), analysis and interpretation of the data, and in the preparation of this manuscript.\n"]

["Health Expectations, Volume 29, Issue 4, August 2026. ", "\nABSTRACT\n\nBackground\nCo‐design has become a prominent approach in mental health research, policy and service development, aiming to centre lived experience within decision‐making processes. Despite its promise, co‐design practices often fall short, with reports of tokenism, constrained participation and limited influence. These limitations reflect deeper epistemic and relational inequities within mental health systems.\n\n\nDiscussion\nThis commentary argues that the challenges of co‐design can be understood through the lens of epistemic injustice, where certain forms of knowledge, particularly lived experience, are systematically devalued. Drawing on restorative justice principles, the paper proposes a relational and ethical reframing of participation. Restorative approaches—centred on truth‐telling, acknowledgement and repair—offer a means to address the relational harms and power imbalances that undermine meaningful participation. Building on this, the Cycle of Equitable Codesign is introduced as a staged framework comprising: (1) acknowledgement and truth‐telling, (2) restoration and relational repair and (3) co‐design and collective future‐making. The model emphasises the importance of timing, power and relational conditions in shaping equitable participation.\n\n\nConclusion\nRepositioning co‐design within a restorative framework highlights the need to move beyond procedural inclusion towards ethically grounded and relationally just practice. Addressing epistemic injustice is essential for co‐design to achieve its transformative potential in mental health systems.\n\n\nPatient and Public Contribution\nThis commentary is informed by existing literature on co‐design and lived experience participation in mental health. It centres and reflects on the reported experiences of people with lived experience of mental health challenges. Although no direct formal patient or public involvement was undertaken in the development of this paper, it was informed following extensive informal communication with those who have a lived experience of mental health challenges and codesign participation over the prior 18 months.\n"]

["International Finance, EarlyView. ", "\nABSTRACT\nTo examine if one machine‐learning model can consistently elucidate financial vulnerabilities, both over time and across levels of development, this paper applies 13 machine‐learning algorithms to evaluate comparative forecasting performance across several banking crises. The study concurrently contributes to the literature on early warning signals, in general, and modelling frameworks, in particular. Four decades of banking crises are appraised through a vector of 12 leading indicators encompassing real, banking and external sectors, and accounting for a representative sample of 19 emerging markets and developed economies. Through quarterly time series supporting expedient policy responses, findings suggest that bank deposits, capital output ratio, exchange rates, gross domestic product, consumption expenditure, and interest rates represent the most prominent leading indicators. Evaluated by applying root mean squared error, mean absolute error, and receiver operating characteristics with area under curve estimates, random forests exhibit highest predictive strength in minimising the prediction error across a panel format, individual country format and out‐of‐time format, and outperform all models in recursively predicting banking crises out‐of‐sample and out‐of‐time. On aggregate, one algorithm consistently fits most crises, which is advantageous for a global policymaker, however results from the individual country dimension highlight a more nuanced approach to algorithmic selection.\n"]

["Political Psychology, Volume 47, Issue 4, August 2026. ", "\nAbstract\nHostage diplomacy—detaining foreign nationals for leverage under the pretext of national law—is a growing international security problem. Beyond constituting a violation of international law, hostage diplomacy is challenging to resolve. Target states must deal with aggressive, sovereign perpetrators; handle a fraudulent but plausible legal process; account for numerous stakeholders; and protect their citizens from future harm. How do target‐state negotiators navigate these challenges? This theory‐building article explores perspective‐taking—imagining the world from another's vantage point—as a tool to shape target‐state negotiators' effectiveness in navigating hostage diplomacy. We introduce a model that conceptualizes perspective‐taking on two dimensions. First, negotiators can use multiple‐perspective taking, considering various stakeholders, including interests within their own government, the perpetrator's government, and the hostage's family. Second, across stakeholders, negotiators can take strategic, cultural, emotional, and moral perspectives. We posit that engaging in different forms of perspective‐taking improves target‐state negotiators' ability to identify a domestic win‐set, reach international agreement, and anticipate future crises. Drawing on insights from members of the U.S. hostage‐recovery enterprise, we offer a plausibility probe suggesting that perspective‐taking affects the process and outcomes of negotiations. Perspective‐taking may thus help negotiators better manage power dynamics, navigate informal rules of engagement, alleviate uncertainty, and bolster global security.\n"]

["Journal of Community Psychology, Volume 54, Issue 5, July 2026. ", "\nABSTRACT\nThe Russian invasion of Ukraine transitioned from an “existential war” into a “war of attrition.” The study assessed the impact of prolonged conflict on resilience and coping mechanisms through two cross‐sectional assessments conducted with independent samples (Sample 1 – July 2022 [N = 1001]; Sample 2 – November 2023 [N = 2247]). The respondents completed a quantitative questionnaire during the war, which included individual, community, and societal resilience, hope, sense of danger, perceived threats, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A significant decrease in all variables was found between Sample 1 and Sample 2 measurements. Path analysis indicated that government support is the variable most strongly related to societal resilience. Community resilience is the variable most strongly related to individual resilience. Perceived threats are the variable most strongly associated with PTSD symptoms. The above‐mentioned variables explain 68% (Sample 1) and 60% (Sample 2) of societal resilience, 19% (Sample 1 and Sample 2) of individual resilience, and 58% (Sample 1) and 12% (Sample 2) of PTSD symptoms. Findings suggest the “routinization” of an ongoing emergency, allowing the population to coexist with the adversity and accept war as the “new normalcy.” Nonetheless, the future remains uncertain, leading to a decline in hope. Strategies that bolster individual and societal resilience during adversities should include social support mechanisms that enhance the population's hope and morale and build the government's trust and support."]

["Journal of Community Psychology, Volume 54, Issue 5, July 2026. ", "\nABSTRACT\nWhile substantial efforts have been made to learn more about youth community violence exposure (CVE) and its wide‐ranging impact, less is known about the effects of different types of CVE on mental health outcomes, particularly internalizing behavior, across contextual factors. The current study examines types of CVE (i.e., hearing/learning about, witnessing, and victimization) across gender, age, socioeconomic status (SES), and racial and ethnic group (White, African American/Black, and Latinx) in a diverse sample of youth seeking treatment at a university‐based pediatric anxiety clinic. Older age (adolescence), male gender, and lower SES were associated with increased rates of CVE. Victimization was positively and significantly correlated with hearing reports of violence against familiars but negatively associated with hearing reports of violence against strangers, suggesting that youth who are victimized often have family or close friends who are also victims of violence, and those who hear about violence against strangers may be safe from victimization in some regards. Results from this study suggest that Black youth, in comparison to White youth, may experience more internalizing symptoms as the result of indirect CVE. For those who witnessed violence against people they know, Latinx youth reported lower levels of anxiety compared to both Black and White youth. In light of these results, potential risk and protective factors associated with CVE and presenting symptoms are discussed.\n"]

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, Ahead of Print.

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, Ahead of Print.

American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology, Ahead of Print.

American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology, Ahead of Print.

["Sociology of Health &Illness, Volume 48, Issue 6, July 2026. ", "\nABSTRACT\nThe cultural politics of the ‘problematic’ ageing body have led to a search for solutions in the form of algorithmic technologies. In this article, we look at one problem associated with the ageing body—unintentional falls—and one proposed algorithmic intervention: wearable fall‐detection technology. In dialogue with sociologists concerned with the cultural politics of the older body, we aim to understand what contribution this fledgling technology makes to how the older body is ‘constituted’. To do this, we examine a sample of datasets containing measurements of individuals' movements and falls (which researchers have made available to train algorithms for use in fall‐detection wearables). In contrast to existing attempts to grasp how older users are scripted into technology, which focus on explicit ideas about them, we trace how individual subjects are formatted in these datasets. We find that these individuals become fragmented in the data, rendered into movements abstracted from the bodies that carry them out and the locations in which they take place. The older body is constituted, then, as a risky, deviant set of movements through space, irreducible to its component parts.\n"]

["Sociology Lens, EarlyView. ", "\nABSTRACT\nRoute 66 has long occupied a privileged place in the American national imagination as a corridor of freedom, mobility, and westward possibility. Yet this celebratory narrative has systematically excluded the experiences of African American travelers, workers, and communities for whom movement along the highway was constrained, dangerous, and unevenly accessible. Drawing on a secondary analysis of 19 archived oral history interviews from the Greater Springfield Route 66 Oral History Project at Missouri State University, this study examines how Black residents of Springfield, Missouri (the city where Route 66 was officially designated in 1926), navigated, worked along, and remembered the highway during the Jim Crow era. Findings reveal that mobility along Route 66 was actively negotiated through the interaction of racial constraints, community‐based infrastructures, and embodied strategies of survival and aspiration. These experiences were foundational to how the highway functioned, yet they remain largely absent from its dominant public mythology. As the centennial of Route 66 approaches, this study argues that recovering these histories is not simply an additive correction to existing narratives but a fundamental rethinking of what the road has historically meant and continues to represent.\n"]

{"p"=>"Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is characterized by a decline in renal function resulting from hyperglycaemia and is often requiring dialysis or renal transplantation. Yet, the signalling events causing DN and the effective treatment options are poorly understood. Changes in the signalling of cyclic nucleotides and their regulated kinases are hypothesized to be involved in its development. Protein kinase A (PKA) signalling pathways are known to modulate extracellular matrix metabolism and exert antifibrotic effects. Multiple isoforms of PKA regulatory and catalytic subunits exist, leading to functional specificities of the kinase arising from different combinations of these isoforms. However, localization of the specific PKA subunits, as well as other signalling proteins involved in this pathway, still need to be explored comprehensively. To gain an overview about PKA distribution, kidneys were analysed by immunohistochemistry and stained for different PKA subunits. Type 1 diabetes was induced by streptozotocin in wildtype (WT) and endothelial NOS knockout (eNOS-KO) mice. The catalytic subunit expression was quantified and compared between healthy and diabetic kidneys. Analysis of expression patterns of the PKA catalytic subunits Cα and Cβ reveal differences across segments of the kidney and in intracellular localization. Cα exhibited ubiquitous expression in all renal cell types. In contrast, Cβ only shows a high expression in proximal tubules, while its expression in other segments is comparatively weak. No significant changes in Cα or Cβ expression are detectable in diabetic mice or eNOS-KO mice compared to WT mice."}

American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology, Volume 331, Issue 1, Page F82-F92, July 2026.

["Australasian Journal on Ageing, Volume 45, Issue 2, June 2026. ", "\nABSTRACT\n\nObjectives\nThe global population of people aged 60 years and above is growing. With this, there is a rising need for home care services and demand for online health information to facilitate the decision‐making among older adults and promote consumer‐directed care. This exploratory study aimed to examine how aged care provider websites present and structure information about Home Care Packages (HCPs) to support consumer decision‐making.\n\n\nMethods\nA web‐based content analysis of Australian provider websites was conducted by accessing websites using Google Chrome in incognito mode and using an evaluation tool that assessed language readability (Flesch Reading Ease and Flesch–Kincaid Grade Level scores), usability features Web Content (Accessibility Guidelines V2.0) and the relevance and depth of HCP information. Descriptive statistics were calculated using SPSSv.29. Qualitative data were analysed using deductive content analysis. Data were extracted into Microsoft Excel and deductively coded using the structured evaluation tool developed for this study. Coded content was then narratively synthesised, augmented by researcher notes and illustrative quotes.\n\n\nResults\nFrom 25 systematically sampled websites, the median Flesch Reading Ease score was 52.5 (IQR 12.52) corresponding to a high school reading level of 10th–12th grade. Most sites featured small text (n = 21) and inconsistent information regarding services, pricing and case management. None of the websites in this analysis was found to be both user‐friendly and comprehensive in their HCP content.\n\n\nConclusions\nPoor usability and inconsistent information may limit older adults' ability to access and understand HCP details, reducing engagement with these online resources.\n\n"]

["Australasian Journal on Ageing, Volume 45, Issue 2, June 2026. ", "\nABSTRACT\n\nObjective\nAustralia has an ageing population, with an increasing number of older people needing to live in residential aged care facilities (RACFs). There are more Emergency department (ED) presentations by older people living in Australia, including those that are from RACF, and many die in hospital. The aim of this study was to perform a descriptive analysis of hospital deaths, comparing the characteristics of patients from Residential Aged Care Facilities (RACFs) to those from non‐RACF accommodation.\n\n\nMethods\nThis study examined data from the In‐Hospital Death Database for a major metropolitan tertiary hospital. De‐identified data from 2015 to 2022 were extracted and included in the analysis. Data for patients over the age of 16 were collected. Data were matched on age and sex between the two groups.\n\n\nResults\nCompared with non‐RACF patients, patients from RACFs who died in hospital were more likely to have died from a respiratory illness, more likely to die in the ED, no more likely to have been a 28‐day readmission, more likely to have been admitted under Geriatrics, less likely to have been a coroner's case, and had a shorter length of stay. A large proportion of deaths of RACF patients (15%) were in the ED. Approximately 40% of patients from RACFs who died in hospital had Advance Care Plans (ACPs) in place prior to hospitalisation.\n\n\nConclusions\nThe relatively large percentage of RACF patients that die in the ED is concerning and raises the question of whether their end‐of‐life care may have been more appropriately delivered within the RACF. The rate of ACP among RACF patients was low but comparable to other studies, and higher than among non‐RACF patients.\n\n"]

["JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies, EarlyView. ", "\nAbstract\nThis article adopts a political ethnographic approach to follow narrative practices enacted by diplomats and bureaucrats during the trilogue negotiations of the European Union's (EU) Artificial Intelligence Act where inter‐institutional dynamics were at stake. I argue that when diplomats and bureaucrats negotiate AI, they also negotiate their desired position in a struggle over status in EU's diplomatic structures while constructing competing identities of the EU. The narrative analysis shows that three narrative positions endure, ethical and moral; national and economic; supranational and global, which interact through negotiation practices of brokerage and improvisation (re)negotiating social positions and (re)constructing three faces of a European AI identity. These narratives are not performed by a specific diplomat or bureaucrat but remain transversal, competing within and across national, ideological and institutional boundaries. The competing meanings are comprised into the AI Act constituting AI, its governance structure and the EU with ambiguous meanings."]

["Economics &Politics, EarlyView. ", "\nABSTRACT\nConsidering the enactment of a pro‐creditor bankruptcy reform in India as an exogenous policy shock, we investigate its impact on firms' tendency to avoid taxes. Employing the difference‐in‐differences (DiD) methodology, we find that post‐bankruptcy reform, distressed firms significantly reduced their tax avoidance than non‐distressed firms. Our channel analysis shows that increased borrowings, along with higher return on equity (RoE) and sales growth, help distressed firms reduce tax avoidance as opposed to non‐distressed firms during the post‐IBC period. The reduction in tax avoidance is due to improved credit culture after the said reform. Furthermore, our findings remain qualitatively similar under DiD with matching technique and the randomization inference test.\n"]

["Business Ethics, the Environment &Responsibility, EarlyView. ", "\nABSTRACT\nAs environmental concerns reshape corporate landscapes, understanding how Corporate Environmental Sustainability Information Disclosure (CESID) influences financial stability is crucial. This study explores the relationship between CESID and financial default risk in Chinese A‐share listed firms from 2009 to 2020, emphasizing the role of internal control quality and institutional investors as key moderating factors. Using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression with firm‐ and year‐fixed effects, alongside robust econometric techniques including lagged variables, propensity score matching (PSM), entropy balancing, and alternative financial distress measures, we ensure the robustness of our findings. Our results show that higher CESID levels significantly reduce financial default risk, particularly in firms with strong internal controls and greater institutional investor presence. These findings align with agency theory, highlighting governance mechanisms that mitigate information asymmetry, and stakeholder theory, demonstrating how transparency fosters trust and reduces financial distress. This study contributes to the sustainability and finance literature by positioning CESID as a strategic tool for financial risk management in emerging markets. The findings provide important guidance for policymakers and business executives, highlighting the importance of robust governance structures, supportive regulatory measures, and greater transparency in strengthening financial stability and promoting long‐term sustainability.\n"]

["The World Economy, EarlyView. ", "\nABSTRACT\nThis study analyses weekly port calls from 2019 to 2026 to evaluate the Russia–Ukraine war's impact on maritime trade. The data reveals clear structural shifts that Ukrainian traffic moved from high‐risk areas like Odesa to safer Danube River ports. On the other hand, Russia sustained its maritime activity by navigating sanctions and redirecting exports to Asian markets. The Black Sea Grain Initiative also improved navigation conditions for both countries. Overall, the war caused domestic port substitution within Ukraine and a broader logistical reorganization for Russia.\n"]

["Mathematical Finance, EarlyView. ", "\nABSTRACT\nWe study axiomatic foundations for different classes of automated market makers (AMMs). Our main results are a characterization of a generalization of constant product market makers (CPMMs), popular in decentralized finance, and a characterization of the Logarithmic Market Scoring Rule AMM, popular in prediction markets. The first class is characterized by the combination of independence and scale invariance, whereas the second is characterized by the combination of independence and translation invariance. The two classes are, therefore, distinguished by a different invariance property that is motivated by different interpretations of the numéraire in the two applications, but pinned down by the same separability property. Moreover, we characterize the CPMM as trader‐optimal among scale invariant, independent, symmetric and sufficiently funded AMMs. Our results add to a formal analysis of mechanisms used in practice and connect the most popular class of decentralized finance (DeFi) AMMs to the most popular class of prediction market AMMs."]

["The Journal of Finance, EarlyView. ", "\nABSTRACT\nWe examine optimal capital requirements in a quantitative general equilibrium model with banks exposed to nondiversifiable borrower default risk. Contrary to standard models of bank default risk, our framework captures the limited upside, but significant downside risk of loan portfolio returns. This helps to reproduce the frequency and severity of twin defaults: simultaneously high firm and bank defaults. Hence, the optimal bank capital requirement, which trades off a lower frequency of twin defaults against restricting credit provision, is higher than under default risk models which underestimate the impact of borrower default on bank solvency."]

["International Journal of Finance &Economics, EarlyView. ", "\nABSTRACT\nThis paper examines whether and how corporate online interactions with investors shape trust in annual reports. We focus on annual report comment letters, through which regulators publicly question the credibility of firms' disclosures, providing a suitable setting to observe investor trust. We find that sustained high‐quality interactions significantly mitigate the negative market reaction to comment letters, suggesting that such interactions strengthen investor trust. These results are robust to instrumental variable estimation, the Heckman two‐stage model and additional sensitivity analyses. Mechanism analyses indicate that high‐quality interactions enhance trust primarily by conveying credible signals of lower agency costs. Consistent with a signalling mechanism, high‐quality responses to negative inquiries have stronger effects on investor trust, while short‐term interactions play a limited role. The trust effect is concentrated among firms whose investors rely more on such signals. Further analysis shows that investor trust rapidly collapses when subsequent response letters reveal underlying problems and is reinforced when such problems are absent. Finally, high‐quality interactions are associated with more favourable regulatory recognition. Overall, the findings highlight the importance of high‐quality online communication in strengthening investor trust and offer implications for capital market participants.\n"]

["Pacific Focus, EarlyView. ", "\nABSTRACT\nThis article examines the adequacy and state practice of employing trade‐related measures to mitigate the global plastic pollution. Trade spans the entire lifecycle of plastics, bringing plastic with high economic value and deep integration within global value chains. As a global environmental crisis, plastic pollution necessitates a synergistic approach to international governance. Discipline in plastic trade under the international legal framework not only helps reconcile the friction between trade and the environment, but also addresses the systemic inefficiencies stemming from regulatory fragmentation. With a focus on three key processes: the Plastic Waste Amendments to the Basel Convention, the WTO Dialogue on Plastic Pollution and Environmentally Sustainable Plastics Trade, and the negotiations toward an international legally binding instrument on plastic pollution, this paper examines the basic paradigms of plastic trade governance and analyzes the deficiencies and geo‐economic obstacles it faces. Given the consideration of global plastic governance's high reliance on state participation, the paper further takes China as a primary case study, analyzing approaches for China to participate in plastic trade governance with the model of foreign‐related rule of law.\n"]

["Medical Anthropology Quarterly, EarlyView. ", "\nAbstract\nThis paper analyzes two disparate experiences of buprenorphine, a medication for opioid addiction, in California. Within the context of the U.S. War on Drugs and after decades of criminalization, buprenorphine represents a shift toward outpatient medical treatment of opioid addiction, but it has been unequally distributed and experienced across geographic settings and populations. Drawing on my interlocutor's description of buprenorphine's “hold,” I interrogate how buprenorphine's symbolic and pharmacological power to embrace, restrain, and otherwise “hold” people arises through its social context. “Holding” is a patient‐driven epistemology, working metaphorically and neurochemically, illustrating raced, classed, and gendered positionalities that simultaneously express and constrain forms of agency and resistance in ideological struggles over the meanings of care in addiction treatment. Buprenorphine's “hold,” or lack thereof, can be read as a neurochemical embodiment of state violence, revealing intensities of carceral forms of “care” and possibilities for transforming addiction treatment meanings.\n"]

["Political Psychology, Volume 47, Issue 4, August 2026. ", "\nAbstract\nHow immigrants respond to discrimination is a well‐studied topic in political psychology. However, less attention has been paid to whether the impact of discrimination on in‐group identification varies within minority groups and why. In Western Europe, Muslims experience significant discrimination and hostility based on their religious identity despite increasing educational integration and upward social mobility. Building on social identity theory and measuring both the strength and relative importance of religious identity, this paper reexamines the discrimination–in‐group identification link and investigates heterogeneity based on educational level. Drawing on an original survey of 1456 Turkish immigrants in Germany and combining a survey experiment and an observational study, this paper finds substantive heterogeneity: Higher educated immigrants strengthen their attachment to their religious group when they perceive discrimination, whereas lower educated immigrants tend to distance themselves from their in‐group. Additionally, while observational analyses support prior research showing that the average association between discrimination and in‐group identification is positive, the priming experiment does not provide evidence for a positive average causal effect. This study makes important empirical and theoretical contributions to research on in‐group religious identification and the integration paradox.\n"]

["Psychophysiology, Volume 63, Issue 6, June 2026. ", "\nABSTRACT\nHumans comprehend language rapidly, with active prediction of upcoming words as a key mechanism. Studies using sentences have documented facilitations in behavior and brain activity (N400) when people encounter predictable words, and brain responses (anterior positivity) specific to prediction violations. However, it has been challenging to investigate prediction formation mechanisms, given the complex, incremental context provided by sentences. Here, we examined prediction by measuring EEG in a simple word stem completion task. Participants saw three initial letters (e.g., bro___) varying in constraint/entropy of possible completions and were asked to generate a word completion. They then saw a target that was either a probable completion (brother), an improbable completion (bronze), or a pseudoword (*brom). In Experiment 1, participants self‐reported whether the target matched their prediction; in Experiment 2 they made a lexical decision to the target and then typed in their prediction. Consistent with findings from sentences, N400s were reduced for probable completions, primarily driven by a greater proportion of match responses with highly facilitated N400 amplitudes. No anterior positivity was found to improbable words in Experiment 1, but it was present in Experiment 2. Given these task differences, the anterior positivity may therefore reflect engagement of processes to manage activation of lexico‐semantic information when there is competition, as from a strong prediction. Crucially, neural responses following the word stem (i.e., during prediction formation) showed a sustained centro‐posterior positivity that was graded with entropy (more negative for high‐entropy stems). This effect reveals that prediction‐formation processes are sensitive to the distribution of possible completions based on the context.\n"]

["Psychophysiology, Volume 63, Issue 6, June 2026. ", "\nABSTRACT\nNeural oscillations are recognized as a fundamental component of brain electromagnetic activity. They are implicated in a wide range of cognitive processes and proposed as a core mechanism for brain communication. Nonetheless, detecting genuine neural oscillations remains a methodological challenge, particularly due to the difficulty of distinguishing them from aperiodic background activity. To identify episodes of oscillatory activity directly at their sources, we developed sBOSC, which extends the BOSC (Better OSCillation detection) family of algorithms. Consistent with existing approaches, sBOSC detects oscillatory episodes that exceed both a defined power threshold and a minimum duration criterion. In sBOSC, however, the detection of oscillatory episodes also relies on identifying peaks (i.e., local maxima) in the power spectra as well as throughout the brain volume (spatial peaks). Using a series of simulated signals, we tested the ability of sBOSC to detect and localize oscillations across multiple scenarios. Our results show that most oscillatory episodes were accurately detected at their sources, achieving above 95% accuracy under optimal conditions (i.e., high signal‐to‐noise ratio, lower frequencies, and numerous successive cycles). In addition, we validated sBOSC's performance using real magnetoencephalography (MEG) data from both resting‐state and motor task recordings. From the detected oscillatory episodes, we extracted a topographic distribution of natural frequencies that is consistent with previous work, as well as the expected alpha‐ and beta‐band modulations over sensorimotor regions during motor preparation. In conclusion, sBOSC offers a novel approach for identifying oscillatory activity in electrophysiological signals. It extends previous algorithms by operating in source space and verifying the presence of genuine spectral peaks, thereby enabling new possibilities for exploring brain dynamics.\n"]

["Psychophysiology, Volume 63, Issue 6, June 2026. ", "\nABSTRACT\nCommonly used methods for assessing cardiac interoceptive accuracy have been criticized for assuming that all individuals perceive their heartbeat at the same delay following contraction of the heart, despite evidence for notable variability across individuals. However, it remains unclear whether some individuals perceive their heartbeat at a particular phase of their cardiac cycle—that is, at a relative point in the cycle that may vary in absolute timing depending on heart rate—rather than at a specific delay. Identification of all heartbeat perceivers is critical for accurate measurement of cardiac interoceptive accuracy; individual differences in which are theorized to play a role in several aspects of higher‐order cognition as well as health and wellbeing. In the current study, data from 526 participants who completed the Phase Adjustment Task (PAT) as a measure of cardiac interoceptive accuracy were examined. In this task, participants are asked to adjust a virtual dial until tones appear synchronous with their heartbeats. Data were analyzed using a novel framework that allows differentiation between delay‐based and phase‐based response patterns. Of 76 interoceptive individuals identified, 21% (N = 16) demonstrated response patterns consistent only with phase‐based responding. These novel findings challenge current assumptions regarding individual differences in the perception of heartbeats, and suggest that many commonly used measures may underestimate the true proportion of heartbeat perceivers.\n"]

["The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView. ", "\nAbstract figure legend The olfactory bulb input–output transformation was imaged using dual‐colour two‐photon imaging. (Top) Cartoon and histological examples of labelling the olfactory bulb input and output using spectrally distinct optical sensors. (Middle) Modelling and experimental work reveal that input neurons that respond with primarily monotonic concentration‐response relationships are transformed into a mix of monotonic and non‐monotonic responses. (Bottom) Olfactory bulb output state space for a population of three glomeruli with exclusively monotonic responses (black) and with both monotonic and non‐monotonic responses (red). Each trajectory represents a cloud of points that reflects variations in the fluctuations of molecular components present in natural odour stimuli. Monotonic responses alone cluster together, whereas multiple response types broaden coverage of mitral and tufted cell (MTC) state space. Greater coverage of state space makes it easier to discriminate one odour from another, even though the dimension of olfactory bulb state space is greater than 3.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nAbstract\nAnimals can recognize an odour as the same odour across a range of concentrations and discriminate between odours in complex environments. Processing within the mouse olfactory bulb (OB) may be involved, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Each olfactory receptor neuron (ORN) type maps to the OB in olfactory receptor‐specific channels called glomeruli, where they connect with the dendrites of mitral and tufted cells (MTCs), which project their axons to the rest of the brain. Modelling this transformation yielded predictions about how two kinds of inhibition, local intraglomerular and lateral interglomerular processing, shape MTC output as a function of concentration changes. We confirmed these predictions using in vivo single and dual‐colour two‐photon Ca2+ imaging from the ORNs and MTCs innervating the same glomeruli in the awake mouse OB in response to odours presented across a wide concentration range. We identified a transformation where concentration increases transformed ORN inputs with exclusively monotonically increasing responses into MTC outputs that non‐monotonically increased then decreased, or vice versa. This transformation was odour‐specific, consistent with rising levels of inhibition that scale with excitatory input and predicted by certain ORN characteristics. Therefore non‐monotonic concentration‐response relationships in MTCs are common and expected given how each glomerulus is shaped by feed‐forward excitation, local and lateral inhibition. We propose that this transformation facilitates odour discrimination and the ability to achieve concentration‐invariant odour perception by broadening MTC odour state space.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nKey points\n\nThe role of the olfactory bulb in transforming sensory information remains poorly understood. In the bulb different olfactory receptor neuron (ORN) types map to olfactory receptor‐specific channels called glomeruli, where they interact with the dendrites of mitral and tufted cells (MTCs), which project to the olfactory cortex.\nWe developed a mathematical model detailing how different ORN inputs are transformed by intraglomerular and lateral interglomerular inhibition as a function of odour concentration.\nSingle‐ and dual‐colour in vivo two‐photon Ca2+ imaging of glomerular inputs and outputs across a wide concentration range confirmed some of the predictions.\nIncreasing odour concentration transformed ORN inputs with monotonically increasing responses into non‐monotonic MTC outputs, which responded with increases then decreases, or vice versa. This transformation is heterogeneous, odour‐specific and predicted by certain ORN characteristics.\nThis network transformation broadens the MTC odour state space, providing a mechanistic basis for achieving concentration‐invariant odour perception and fine odour discrimination.\n\n\n"]

["The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView. ", "\nAbstract figure legend Two models of human energy expenditure were tested. The additive model predicts independent resting and activity costs, while the constrained model predicts a tradeoff between resting and active expenditure. Both longitudinal and cross‐sectional experiments support the additive model, with no tradeoffs between resting and active energy expenditures.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nAbstract\nTotal energy expenditure (TEE) is commonly modelled as the sum of resting energy expenditure (REE), activity energy expenditure (AEE), and diet‐induced thermogenesis (DIT). This additive model has recently been challenged by the constrained energy balance model, which proposes that reductions in mass‐adjusted REE compensate to some extent for increases in AEE, rendering mass‐adjusted TEE effectively invariant. We tested these competing models using two complementary approaches. First, we conducted a short‐term longitudinal, repeated‐measures experiment in 12 adults who completed 10‐day periods of high and low physical activity separated by a washout period. TEE was measured with doubly labelled water, AEE with wearable sensors, and REE with indirect calorimetry as well as anthropometric equations. Second, we analysed a cross‐sectional sample of 268 adults from the Pennington Centre Longitudinal Study that measured TEE and REE independently. In both studies, metabolic rates were analysed using size‐adjusted regression models. In the longitudinal experiment, a ∼28% increase in AEE (∼250 kcal/day) increased TEE by 10% (272 kcal/day) without reducing mass‐adjusted REE, contradicting predictions of metabolic compensation. In the cross‐sectional study, mass‐adjusted REE and AEE were statistically independent, with no evidence for metabolic compensation. These results support the additive model of energy expenditure and indicate that increased physical activity does not suppress REE, contradicting the hypothesis that metabolic compensation thwarts the effects of physical activity on weight management.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nKey points\n\nThere is a debate over whether active activity expenditure (AEE) is independent of resting energy expenditure (REE) corrected for body mass and composition or causes decreases in REE through metabolic compensation.\nWe tested AEE's effects on REE using both a repeated measures longitudinal study and a cross‐sectional study. In both studies, AEE and REE were measured independently, and metabolic rates were analysed using regression models.\nIn the longitudinal study, a 28% increase in AEE had no effect on mass‐adjusted REE, contradicting predictions of metabolic compensation. In the cross‐sectional study, mass‐adjusted REE and AEE were statistically independent with no evidence for metabolic compensation.\nThese results indicate that increased physical activity does not suppress mass‐adjusted REE, supporting the additive model of energy expenditure.\n\n\n"]

American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology, Ahead of Print.

American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology, Ahead of Print.

["Acta Physiologica, Volume 242, Issue 8, August 2026. ", "\nABSTRACT\n\nAim\nThe mammalian tracheal epithelium is composed of different cell types distributed along the proximal‐distal axis. Nevertheless, variations in expression and function of ion channels and transporters participating in fluid absorption and secretion have never been studied separately in proximal and distal mouse trachea. This work aims to characterize basal and stimulated absorption and secretion of fluid obtained from proximal and distal trachea from the same animal.\n\n\nMethods\nUssing chamber was performed using a custom‐made tissue slider allowing small tracheal sections mounting, where response to agonists and blockers was recorded. The role of NKCC1 co‐transporter was studied using the Slc12a2−/− mouse. A genetically tomato‐induced mouse model was used to assess co‐expression of NKCC1 and ASCL3 by immunofluorescence. Animals were instilled with interleukins (ILs) to determine changes in absorption, secretion, and mucus properties.\n\n\nResults\nProximal trachea didn't participate in sodium absorption but exhibited higher cAMP‐ and succinate‐induced anion secretion than the distal section. NBCe1‐dependent bicarbonate and TMEM16A‐driven chloride secretion were significantly higher in distal trachea. NKCC1+ cells were found in the submucosal glands (SMGs) and abundant patches of NKCC1+ cells in the distal region. Isolated NKCC1+ cells co‐expressing ASCL3 were also detected. ILs treatment changed the electrophysiological properties of the distal trachea exclusively.\n\n\nConclusions\nOur experiments determined that the mouse trachea organizes its functions differentially in proximal and distal regions, based on the functional distribution of channels, transporters, and receptors. While the distal trachea changed its responses to agonists inducing anion secretion, the proximal trachea was unperturbed by ILs addition.\n\n"]

["Nations and Nationalism, EarlyView. ", "\nABSTRACT\nThis article examines how the reconstruction of Shanidar Z, a 75,000‐year‐old Neanderthal woman discovered in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, became a focal point for digital negotiations of identity, ancestry, and belonging. Drawing on 51 Facebook and YouTube posts and 17,126 associated comments in Kurdish, Arabic and English, the study combines thematic analysis with a critical discourse approach to explore how prehistoric heritage is symbolically appropriated online. The findings show that Shanidar Z was rapidly transformed from a scientific object into a culturally and politically charged symbol articulated through symbolic boundary‐making, deep historical narratives, and affective framings. Although scientific, religious, and state‐centred interpretations were present, nationalist framings were dominant and reinforced through everyday digital practices such as naming, interaction, and visual circulation. The article contributes to research on digital nationalism by demonstrating how deep prehistory can function as a symbolic resource in contemporary identity‐making, particularly in stateless and contested contexts.\n"]

{"__content__"=>"\n Graphical Abstract\n \n ", "p"=>[{"__content__"=>"Cellular adaptation to hypoxia is essential for maintaining function and survival. While most hypoxic responss are mediated by hypoxia‑inducible factor signaling, the oxygen‑dependent ADO–RGS (2‑Aminoethanethiol-Dioxygenase—Regulator of G‑Protein Signaling) pathway has recently been implicated in oxygen‑sensitive regulation of G‑protein signaling. The kidneys are particularly vulnerable to hypoxia, a major contributor to chronic kidney disease. Because a systematic characterization of ADO and its RGS substrates across renal cell types is lacking, this study examined their spatial expression patterns in mouse and human kidneys under (patho)physiological conditions. and , , and expression was mapped in mouse kidney sections under normoxic, hypoxic, and fibrotic conditions using RNAscope™, complemented by RT‑qPCR. Mouse data were compared with - expression patterns in human biopsies. expression was uniform across renal regions, cell types, and conditions. Besides its baseline presence in vascular cells, showed strong induction in cortical and outer medullary fibroblasts during anemia. It was also upregulated in fibroblasts and proximal tubules within fibrotic lesions. was highly expressed in vascular structures and demonstrated hypoxia‑induced upregulation in medullary fibroblasts and , with moderate induction under fibrotic conditions. Tubular epithelial expression also occurred during fibrosis. was mostly expressed in interstitial cells in fibrotic kidneys. Human kidney-disease biopsies also displayed distinct and expression patterns. Overall, these findings suggest that while ADO is consistently present, the functional impact of ADO–RGS signaling may be driven by dynamic, cell‑type‑specific regulation of RGS genes during acute and chronic hypoxic stress.", "i"=>[{"__content__"=>"Ado"}, {"__content__"=>"Rgs4"}, {"__content__"=>"Rgs5"}, {"__content__"=>"Rgs16"}, {"__content__"=>"ADO"}, {"__content__"=>"RGS"}, {"__content__"=>"Ado"}, {"__content__"=>"Rgs4"}, {"__content__"=>"Rgs5"}, {"__content__"=>"vasa recta"}, {"__content__"=>"Rgs16"}, {"__content__"=>"Pdgfrb⁺"}, {"__content__"=>"RGS4"}, {"__content__"=>"RGS5"}]}, {}]}