In this paper, we investigated a functionalization process of nonwoven viscose/polyester dressings, in order to fix a wide range of drugs, using a polymer based on β-cyclodextrins. Firstly, the optimization of the treatment process was investigated. The best operating conditions were generated using Minitab 15, in order to maximize functionalization rates. Then, in order to confirm the permanent and uniform binding of cyclodextrin’s polymer, modified and virgin dressings were characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and the drop contact angle method used to assess the substrates hydrophilicity. The microbiological value of this chemical modification was highlighted via the application of methylene blue, used in this case as a drug model. The encapsulation properties of cyclodextrins molecules allowed its fixation into the functionalized wound dressings. The assessment of drug release kinetics confirmed a sustained release in water. Furthermore, bacteriological properties were investigated by staining and growth inhibition. Antibacterial activity of nonwoven methylene blue cyclodextrin-functionalized samples against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli before and after release are presented.